Terra/Luna collapsed this week, ~$40 billion of nominal value to approximately zero in five days, in the most instructive financial failure this archive has ever filed in real time. The mechanism, for the permanent record because it will be taught: TerraUSD (UST) was an algorithmic stablecoin, pegged to $1 not by reserves but by an arbitrage loop with its sister token LUNA (burn $1 of LUNA to mint 1 UST and vice versa), a design that works while LUNA has value and confidence holds, i.e., a stability mechanism made of the thing it’s meant to stabilize. The Anchor protocol paid ~20% “yield” on UST deposits (the demand engine; the vapor-median klaxon should have been audible from orbit), and when large UST withdrawals cracked the peg on May 7th, the arbitrage loop inverted into a doom spiral: UST redemptions minted LUNA hyperinflationarily (supply: ~350M to trillions of tokens in 72 hours), LUNA’s price fell 100%, the mechanism consumed itself, and a “Luna Foundation Guard” bitcoin reserve ($3B, deployed mid-crisis) vanished into the selling like sandbags into a dam breach. The file’s engineering read: this was a control system with positive feedback under stress, no circuit breaker, reserves committed after the spiral (recovery dependencies inside the failure domain), and a yield subsidy that was, mechanically, the customer-acquisition budget wearing an interest rate. The human read is grimmer: Anchor’s 20% drew life savings, not just degen capital, the r/TerraLuna suicide-hotline pins are the real postmortem (the play-to-earn reckoning, compounding; the archive files them next to Mt. Gox, ten years and no regulatory perimeter later).
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